Distribution of electric currents.



No. 686,434. Patented Nov..l2, I90l.

- E. ARNOLD, 0, S. BRAGSTAD & I]. L. LA COUR.

DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC CURRENTS.

(Application filed Jan. 26, 1 901.) (N 0 II o d e l .J

2 Sheets-Sheet I.

No. 686,434. Patented Nov. l2, 19m.

' E. ARNOLD, 0. s. BRAGSTAD & J. L. LA noun.

DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC CURBENTS.

(Application filed Jan. 26, 1901.) (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

t 1 MAAMIMMI f f a j J" 4 2 5 J W i UNITED STATES PATENT rrrcn.

ENGELBERT ARNOLD, OLE SIVERT BRAGSTAD, AND JENS LASSEN LA OOUR, OFCARLSRUHE, GERMANY.

DISTRIBUTIGN OF ELECTRIC CURRENTS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 686,434, dated November12, 1901.

Application filed January 26,1901. Serial No. 44,853. (No model.)

To all whont it may concern:

Be it known that we, Enennnnnr ARNOLD, professor, a subject of theEmperor of Germany, OLE SIVERT BRAGSTAD, electrical engineer, a subjectof the King of Sweden and Norway, and J ENS LAssnN LA Conn, electricalengineer, asubject of the King of Denmark, all residing at Carlsruhe, inthe Grand Duchy of Baden, Germany, have invented certain IO new anduseful Improvements in the Distribution of Electric Currents, of whichthe following is a specification.

The advantage with regard to economy of copper in the transmission ofseveral alternating currents of different frequency by means of one andthe same conduction are explained in the application, Serial No. 41,630,

filed December 31, 1900, for a patent entitled a system for thedistribution of electric ourrents for independent polycyclic currents.

Further,therein the advantage of employment of currents of differentfrequency is also described.

The system of distribution hereinafter described has the same object asthat of the application referred to, especially when used in combinationwith the same, because the two systems in many relations reciprocallysupplement each other. The separated conduc- 0 tion of the difierentcurrents in secondary networks or in all networks of distribution is notnecessary in this system as it is by the first system when choking-coilsare not used at the neutral points of which the current is taken off. Ifthe point of connection of the superposed current be displaced from theneutral point to a terminal of the polyphase system, which can at willbe star or ring connected, the current-receivin g apparatus serv- 0 ingfor taking off the superposed current can be connected between theconductor issuing from this terminal and a second conductor. Thereby twosystems are produced which. possess one terminal and the conductorapper- 5 taining in common. The current of one system when the othersystem is unloaded can only flow through the common conductor; but whenthe other system is loaded then the current of the first system can taketwo ways from the generator or transformers to the place of consumptionnamely, one way through the common conductor and the second way throughthe other system and its receiving apparatus. From this it follows thatboth systems are theoretically not independent of each other.Practically, however, the alteration of the tension of one system by agreat change of the load of the other system is negligible. Thisoriginates the name dependent polycyclic-current distribution. Of coursethe system can as well be employed for the primary part of a powertransmission. This gives, however, smaller advantages, because thetransformation of the two currents in general must be effectedseparately.

.In the following two sheets of drawings, Sheet 1 contains Figures 1 toa, and Sheet 2 contains Figs. 5 to S.

Fig. 1 shows, by way of example, the simultaneous employment of oneconductor for the transmission of a single-phase alternating current andof the current of one phase of a three-phase system of other frequency.The arrangement of primary and secondary is the same. a represents athree-phase generator; 1), the single-phase generator. 0 is a threephase transformer, while (Z is a single-phase transformer, and e athree-phase motor.

Fig. 2 gives, by way of example, the employment of two conductors of anunlinked four-phase system for the simultaneous transmission of asingle-phase alternating current. Here the arrangement of primary andsecondary is the same. f and f are the two separated windings of afour-phase generator. g is the sin gle-phase generator; h, thefour-phase transformer; t', the single-phase transformer.

1f the system described in the application above referred to is employedfor the primary part and the dependent system for the secondary part,then instead of the arrangements of Figs. 1 and 2 the connectionsrepresented in Figs. 3, a, and r are obtained.

75 in Fig. 3 is the three-phase generator; Z, the single-phasegenerator; m, a four core three-phase transformer, and n a threephasemotor.

In Figs. 4 and r, 1) represents the single phase generator, 0 and o theindependent circuits of the four-phase generator, while g is thefour-core four phase transformer. In Fig. t at the outer cores thesecondary wind ings of the superposed system and those of the mainsystem are partly in common, while both conductors are usedsimultaneously for the transmission of both currents. Fig. l gives athree-wire four-phase network in the secondary part, the commonreturn-conductor r of which serves simultaneously as middle conductor ofthe superposed system. F urther, a part of the secondary windings of theinner cores serves to simultaneously receive the superposed current andthe main current.

Fig. 5 shows the secondary networks for three and single phase systemswhich can be used instead of the secondary network shown in Fig. 3. Thedifference of this arrangement consists in the employment of the null(neutral) conductor instead of one external conductor of the three-phasesystem. Fig. 6 gives four similar and similar-phased singlephasegenerators s s .9 5 Between every two like-named terminals of thesegenerators is singly connected, each at a time, one phase of afour-phase generator. By aid of a fourcore four-phase transformer t thedifferent currents can be separated. The currents of the four-phasesystem serve to drive the fourphase motor t6 and the single-phasecurrent for feeding the network of the incandescent lamps c. Fig. 7givesa similar connection for four three-phase systems, of which the three 10w 10 are similar and similar-phased, while the fourth 00 can be of anyfrequency.

/Vhat we claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patentof the United States, is

1. In a system for the simultaneous transmission and distribution ofalternating electric currents of different frequency, the combinationwith primary sources of energy generating alternating electric currents,and circuits therefor, of other sources of energy generating currents ofdifferent frequency from those of the primary sources, and connected tothe circuits of the primary sources in such manner that pairs of thesources of energy, generating currents of different frequency, haveconductors in common, substantially as described.

2. In a system for the simultaneous transmission and distribution ofalternating electric currents of different frequency, the combinationwith primary sources of energy generating alternating electric currents,and circuits therefor, of other sources of energy generating currents ofdifferent frequency from those of the primary sources, and connected tothe circuits of the primary sources in such manner that pairs of thesources of energy, generating currents of different frequency,

have conductors in common, and a transformer connected to the system,having secondary circuits for deriving currents of different frequencyfrom the sources of energy, substantially as described.

3. In a system for the simultaneous trans mission and distribution ofalternating electric currents of different frequency, the combinationwith a primary source of energy generating alternating electriccurrents, and a circuit therefor, of a second source of energy,generating currents of different frequency from those of the primarysource and connected to a circuit of the primary source in such mannerthat the circuit of each source of energy possesses a common conductor,and a transformer for both sources of energy, the secondary circuits ofwhich, for deriving current from each source of energy, respectively,have a conductor in common, substantially as described.

4. In a system for the simultaneous trans mission and distribution ofalternating electric currents of different frequency, the combinationwith a primary source of energy generating alternating electriccurrents, and a circuit therefor, of a second source of energygenerating currents of different frequency from those of the primarysource, and connected between points of equal potential in the system,and a transformer for both sources of energy, the secondary circuits ofwhich, for deriving current from each source of energy, respectively,have a conductor in common, substantially as described.

5. In a system for the simultaneous transmission and distribution ofalternating elec tric currents of different frequency, the combinationwith a primarysource of energy generating alternating electric currents,and a circuit therefor, of a second source of energy generating currentsof different frequency from those of the primary source, and connectedbetween points of equal potential in the system,and a transformer forboth sources of energy, the secondary circuits of which, for derivingcurrent from each source of energy, respectively,have conductors incommon,substantially as described.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification inthe presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ENGELBERT ARNOLD.

OLE SIVERT BRAGSTAD.

JENS LASSEN LA COUR.

\Vitnesses:

JACOB ADRIAN, H. W. HARRIS.

